Why Eye Test is Important?
Cataract, Glaucoma,
Age-Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Leading cause of blindness worldwide
Age-Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Leading cause of blindness worldwide
What is it?
Clouding of Crystalline Lens in the EyeRisk Factors
- > 40 year old (Possible to occur at any age)
- Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure
- Systemic Diseases: Diabetic, Hypertiension, Obesity
- Prolonged use of corticosteroid medications
- High mhyopia
- Previous eye surgery
Symptoms
- Blurry vision (looking through)
- Increased Glare
- Desaturated Colours
Symptoms
Cortical Cataracts
Nuclear Cataracts
Posterior Capsular Cataracts
What is it?
Damage to the optic nerve, due to high pressures in the eyeRisk Factors
- > 60 year old (can occur at ANY age)
- High Intraocular pressure
- Extremely high myopia or hyperopia
- Ethnicity: Asian, Hispanic, Black
- Hereditary: Positive Family history of Glaucoma
- Taking corticosteroids medication
Symptoms
- Early stage are generally asymptomatic
- Emergency: Eye Pain, Severe Headache, Nausea and Vomiting, Blurred Vision, Haloes around Lights, Eye Redness
- Advanced stage: Tunnel Vision
What is it?
Loss of the center vision due to macula damage in the retinaRisk Factors
- > 50 year old (can occur at ANY age)
- Smoking
- Obesity
- Positive Family History
- Cardiovascular Diseases
Symptoms
- Blurry central vision – that cannot be corrected with refractive lenses
- Distorted Vision
- Loss of Contrast Sensitivity
- Shadows, missing areas, distorted vision
Cataract
Glaucoma
Age-Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Cataract
What is it?
Clouding of Crystalline Lens in the EyeRisk Factors
- > 40 year old (Possible to occur at any age)
- Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure
- Systemic Diseases: Diabetic, Hypertiension, Obesity
- Prolonged use of corticosteroid medications
- High mhyopia
- Previous eye surgery
Symptoms
- Blurry vision (looking through)
- Increased Glare
- Desaturated Colours
Symptoms
Cortical Cataracts
Nuclear Cataracts
Posterior Capsular Cataracts
Glaucoma
What is it?
Damage to the optic nerve, due to high pressures in the eyeRisk Factors
- > 60 year old (can occur at ANY age)
- High Intraocular pressure
- Extremely high myopia or hyperopia
- Ethnicity: Asian, Hispanic, Black
- Hereditary: Positive Family history of Glaucoma
- Taking corticosteroids medication
Symptoms
- Early stage are generally asymptomatic
- Emergency: Eye Pain, Severe Headache, Nausea and Vomiting, Blurred Vision, Haloes around Lights, Eye Redness
- Advanced stage: Tunnel Vision
Age-Macular Degeneration (AMD)
What is it?
Loss of the center vision due to macula damage in the retinaRisk Factors
- > 50 year old (can occur at ANY age)
- Smoking
- Obesity
- Positive Family History
- Cardiovascular Diseases
Symptoms
- Blurry central vision – that cannot be corrected with refractive lenses
- Distorted Vision
- Loss of Contrast Sensitivity
- Shadows, missing areas, distorted vision
Tests Involved
- Health history and Visual requirements
- Color vision
- Amsler Grid Test
- Topography*
- Tear Film Analysis
- Refraction
- Intraocular Pressure (non-contact)
- External and Internal Ocular Exam
- Binocular co-ordination
- Peripheral visual field analysis
- Pachymetry
- Presbyopia Management
- Specular Microscopy*
- Pentacam Crystalline Lens Scanning*
- OptoMap Ultra-wide Field Retinal Imaging*
- Optical Coherence Tomography*
- EIDON Fundus Imaging*
- Management Plan
*only if necessary
